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Metropolis is pleased to publish the following two texts that Costantino
Nivola wrote sometime during the 1950s about his carving technique and his
thoughts on making art for public spaces. The text is courtesy Ruth Nivola,
Costantino's wife and an artist in her own right.
Cement Carving Technique
By Costantino Nivola
The process of carving in green cement is a "common sense technique"
because of its economical ingredients and its fitness in the current methods
of industrial construction and transportation. The fact that concrete is
the number one building material today (as stone was in the past) makes
concrete a logical material to be used for sculpture in an architectural
context:
A standard mixture of three parts of screened sand (mason sand) and one
part of cement (regular or white) is the basic material needed. This mixture
is poured into a wooden box, built strongly enough to resists the pressure
of the soft mixture.
Two to three hours (depending on the temperature of the air) is normally
the time required for the cement to set to a stage in which it becomes firm
enough to permit the removal of the sides of the box. The time allowed to
work before the material hardens is about five hours.
If the size of the piece is about two feet, it is advisable to build the
box in sections of two feet in height. This permits the sculptor to remove
one section at a time (as he starts working from the top), thereby releasing
some of the weight for the bottom. With some experience and familiarity
with the behavior of the material, a sculptural form of seven to eight feet
may be carved comfortably at one time.
On the Use of Art in Public Buildings
By Costantino Nivola
Translated from the Italian by Ruth Nivola
It seems to me necessary today to make a distinction between art created
in the studio and that form of art used in architecture for public purpose.
(This differentiation had not been necessary in other times; a differentiation
which did not need to be made until the last century). In the studio the
artist has all the freedom to work in a condition of disinterested detachment
that is indispensable for creative search at personal expression.
The use of art in public buildings poses to the artist a series of considerations
of ethical, moral, and economical nature. He has to make a serious attempt
to achieve a harmonious relationship to its architectural and social environment.
Not all the work that is done in the studio, independent from its intrinsic
artistic quality, is necessarily fit for civic purpose.

Art historian Micaela Martegani has undertaken a project to authoritatively
document Costantino Nivola's complete body of work, and is compiling a comprehensive
bilingual (English/Italian) catalogue raisonné of all sculptures
and public art projects by the artist. The catalogue, which will be published
by Electa, Milan, will include each work's title, date, size, and media,
in addition to detailed histories of each work's ownership, exhibitions
in which the work was shown, and the literature in which it has been cited
or illustrated.
Collectors, friends, and colleagues of Costantino Nivola are encouraged
to submit details of works owned and/or updates on changes to their collections,
as well as any factual information on the artist they may have. As the catalogue
raisonné will be a completely illustrated reference, submissions
made without a photograph cannot be considered for inclusion. Photographs
submitted become a permanent part of the archival record.
Please send photos and information to Micaela Martegani, 127 Laurel Valley
Drive, Sag Harbor, NY 11963; mmartegani@hotmail.com.

By Susan S. Szenasy
Editor in Chief
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Micaela Martegani makes a point about her scholarly research (she's working
on her PhD thesis) on Nivola as preservationist Michael Gotkin looks on.
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Ruth Nivola, an artist in her own right, and her family were celebrated
by a roomful of her late husband's fans at the Italian Cultural Institute.
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Last fall (on a Tuesday evening in early November) a sold-out event took
place at the Italian Cultural Institute on New York's Park Avenue. It was
part of a four-day extravaganza called Italian Style, Part II,
hosted by Federlegno-Arredo, the Italian Federation of wood, cork, furniture,
and furnishings manufacturers and ICE/Italian Trade Commission.
Metropolis was asked to be the cultural sponsor of the event and so we created
two educational programs. One of these, Costantino Nivola Reconsidered (honoring
Ruth Nivola, the artist's widow), filled up the Beaux Arts lecture room
at the Institute; many stood in the hallway listening to Nivola scholar
Micaela Martegani, historian Alastair Gordon, preservationist Michael Gotkin,
and a Nivola friend, the graphic artist and author
Ivan Chermayeff.
As at any public gathering after September 11th, this one made special reference
to that day of horror. I introduced the evening's proceedings, saying, "We
cannot claim that our current psychic state was in our minds when we planned
tonight's event; we were simply fascinated with the work of Costantino Nivola
and wanted everyone to share in our appreciation of him.
"In looking at Nivola's work, it's not hard to intuit his deep emotional
and physical understanding of connections between human beings, between
those long dead and those living, between people and place. Today we have
an urgent need for what Nivola can teach us about connections to our world
and to one another.
"Reconsidering Tino Nivola has all of the sudden become timely and
urgent for several important reasons. His elemental spirituality, his sense
of place, his ability to connect the divine with the mortal have resonance
today, post 9/11. His many and important works around town are crumbling,
neglected, and need shoring up, need us--all of us--to attach new value
to them as our city's mid-century modern heritage."
Ivan Chermayeff of Chermayeff & Geismar shared his memories of Tino:
"Tino is the meaning of the word artist--the perfect example of a person
who is in this world to observe it, look at it closely and act upon what
he feels by sharing that feeling with others to the best of his ability.
Tino had a taste for stuff and a sense of what to do with it. He loved
food and cooking and ingredients such as sand, clay and wood, which went
into his sculpture. He loved his paint and consequently painting and drawing.
The point for Tino, as far as I could see, was to make things delicious:
Meals, sculptures, paintings, places. Tino's way was to do no harm and,
whenever possible, to do well.
Tino would stay from time to time in our apartment in Manhattan. I
remember once when there was nothing much to eat in our kitchen and Jane
and I returned from our offices prepared to take Tino out for supper in
the neighborhood. Instead Tino had scoured the kitchen and found a tin
of crackers, an old can of tuna fish and half a jar of olives and God knows
whatever leftovers in the fridge. From basically nothing he managed to conjure
up a memorable, delicious meal.
He did the same thing in the Springs [the Nivola home in East Hampton],
making a great meal out of the minnows from an estuary of the sea, which
we netted before lunch.
Tino's art never seemed to be an act of desperation; more an invention,
a challenge and an act of contribution to the inevitable. Tino made himself
the agent between the observed and what might be done with the observation.
He did this naturally, without pretension, without worrying--the artist
as connector.
Tino was a teacher, by his acts, not by preaching, but by pointing
the way by inferences and hints. I felt more than once that Saul Steinberg
(a master draftsman and Tino's friend and neighbor) was an artist who could
draw anything he could think of; he could even draw sound. But Saul was
in awe of Tino. Saul may have been a genius, but he was not relaxed about
it. Tino was and this is enviable.
I remember once Tino gave Jane and a friend a drawing lesson. Unfortunately,
I wasn't there, but was told that what he did was show them how to see.
Tino was a great draftsman and produced a multitude of drawings and
paintings. Even some of his terra cotta portraits of friends were in a sense
three-dimensional drawings in clay. His beds and beach series
were also drawings of a sort, where small details very directly captured
the essence of his subject, the way a drawing does.
Tino understood graphic relationships as very few artists did. He
had the uncanny ability to put things together, which didn't necessarily
belong together. But when he bought them together they suddenly worked.
Tino and Ruth's house in the Springs, East Hampton [New York] is made
up of simple choices; the painted blue floor, the empty spaces with the
murals Le Corbusier made when he stayed with the Nivolas', Sardinian baskets
on the wall, art of friends in the living room, lamps made of a Tinker toy
with a good sheet of drawings paper to diffuse the light, pure and wonderful
colors, an unpretentious attitude: living modestly and consciously. Outside,
in the garden, were freestanding walls with painted drawings and fountains
of Tino's making.
I believe everyone who has visited the Nivola house is in awe of how
much he had accomplished, seemingly effortlessly. Nothing elaborate, nothing
unnecessary, nothing wasteful or arbitrary; simply wonderful."

Learn more about Nivola's house in the book
Weekend Utopia: Modern Living in the Hamptons By Alastair Gordon
See a brief video about Nivola at work at one of his graffitos and learn
more about his house at
www.weekendutopia.com
Other information on Nivola and links to the Nivola Museum in Sardinia:
http://www.tin.it/arte/NIVOLA/EN/
http://art.dada.it/nivola/mcollu_e.htm
http://www.sardiniapoint.it/4440.html
http://www.hofstra.edu/COM/Museum/museum_sculpture_nivola.cfm
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